. (, ). Website Siri (pronounced ) is a that is part of 's,. The assistant uses voice queries and a to answer questions, make recommendations, and perform actions by delegating requests to a set of services. The software adapts to users' individual language usages, searches, and preferences, with continuing use. Returned results are individualized. Siri is a from a project originally developed by the Artificial Intelligence Center.

Its engine was provided by, and Siri uses advanced technologies to function. Its original American, British, and Australian recorded their respective voices around 2005, unaware of the recordings' eventual usage in Siri. The voice assistant was released as an app for iOS in February 2010, and it was acquired by Apple two months later. Siri was then integrated into at its release in October 2011. At that time, the separate app was also removed from the iOS.

Siri has become an integral part of Apple's products, having been adapted into other hardware devices over the years, including newer models, as well as,. Siri supports a wide range of user commands, including performing phone actions, checking basic information, scheduling events and reminders, handling device settings, searching the Internet, navigating areas, finding information on entertainment, and is able to engage with iOS-integrated apps. With the release of in 2016, Apple opened up limited third-party access to Siri, including third-party messaging apps, as well as payments, and apps. With the release of, Apple updated Siri's voices for more clear, human voices, supports follow-up questions and language translation, and additional third-party actions.

Siri's original release on in 2011 received mixed reviews. It received praise for its and contextual knowledge of user information, including calendar appointments, but was criticized for requiring stiff user commands and having a lack of flexibility. It was also criticized for lacking information on certain nearby places, and for its inability to understand certain. In 2016 and 2017, a number of media reports have indicated that Siri is lacking in innovation, particularly against new competing voice assistants from other technology companies. The reports concerned Siri's limited set of features, 'bad' voice recognition, and undeveloped service integrations as causing trouble for Apple in the field of and cloud-based services; the basis for the complaints reportedly due to stifled development, as caused by Apple's prioritization of user and executive power struggles within the company. Contents. Development Siri is a from the Artificial Intelligence Center, and is an offshoot of the US 's (DARPA)-funded project.

It was co-founded by Dag Kittlaus,. Siri's engine was provided by, a speech technology company. This was not officially acknowledged by Apple nor Nuance for years, until Nuance CEO Paul Ricci confirmed the information at a 2011 technology conference. The speech recognition system makes use of sophisticated techniques, including. The initial Siri prototype was implemented using the Active platform, a joint project between the Artificial Intelligence Center of and the Vrai Group at. The Active platform was the focus of a PhD thesis led by Didier Guzzoni, who joined Siri as its chief scientist.

Apple's first notion of a digital personal assistant was originally a concept video in 1987, called the. Voices The original American voice of Siri was provided in July 2005 by, unaware that it would eventually be used for the voice assistant. A report from in September 2013 about voice actors, their work, and machine learning developments, made hints that Allison Dufty was the voice behind Siri, though this was disproven when Dufty wrote on her website that she was 'absolutely, positively not the voice of Siri.' Citing growing pressure, Bennett revealed her role as Siri in October, and her claim was proven by Ed Primeau, an American expert. Apple has never confirmed the information. The original British male voice was provided by, a former technology journalist.

Having discovered that he was the voice of Siri by watching television, he first spoke only about his role in November 2011, also acknowledging his voice work was done 'five or six years ago' without knowing the recordings' final usage form. The original Australian voice was provided by, a artist known in Australia for her work as the girl. As part of an interview between all three voice actors and, Briggs stated that 'the original system was recorded for a US company called Scansoft, who were then bought by Nuance. Apple simply licensed it.'

With, Apple auditioned hundreds of candidates to find a new female voice, then recorded hours of speech, including different personalities and expressions, and built a new voice based on technology. Integration Siri was originally released as a for the operating system in February 2010, and at the time, the developers were also intending to release Siri for and devices. Two months later, Apple acquired Siri. On October 4, 2011, Apple introduced the with a of Siri.

After the announcement, Apple removed the existing standalone Siri app from. Wrote that, despite the Siri app's support for, its removal from App Store might also have had a financial aspect for the company, in providing an incentive for customers to upgrade devices. Third-party developer, however, managed to Siri to iPhone 4, though without being able to communicate with Apple's servers. A few days later, Troughton-Smith, working with an anonymous person nicknamed 'Chpwn', managed to fully hack Siri, enabling its full functionalities on iPhone 4 and devices. Additionally, developers were also able to successfully create and distribute legal ports of Siri to any device capable of running, though a was required for Apple server interaction. Over the years, Apple has expanded the line of officially supported products, including newer models, as well as support in June 2012, iPod Touch support in September 2012, support, and the stand-alone, in September 2015, and support in September 2016, and support in February 2018.

Features and options Apple offers a wide range of voice commands to interact with Siri, including, but not limited to:. Phone and Text actions, such as 'Call Sarah', 'Read my new messages', 'Set the timer for 10 minutes', and 'Send email to mom'. Check basic information, including 'What's the weather like today?' And 'How many dollars are in a Euro?'

. Schedule events and reminders, including 'Schedule a meeting' and 'Remind me to'. Handle device settings, such as 'Take a picture', 'Turn on ', and 'Increase the brightness'. Search the Internet, including 'Define.' , 'Find pictures of.' , and 'Search for.' .

Navigation, including 'Take me home', 'What's traffic like on the way home?' , and 'Find driving directions to.' . Translate words and phrases from English to a few languages, such as 'How do I say where is the nearest hotel in French'. Entertainment, such as 'What basketball games are on today?'

, 'What are some movies playing near me?' , and 'What's the synopsis of.?' . Engage with iOS-integrated apps, including 'Pause ' and 'Like this song' Siri also offers numerous pre-programmed responses to amusing questions. Such questions include 'What is the meaning of life?' To which Siri may reply 'All evidence to date suggests it's chocolate'; 'Why am I here?' , to which it may reply 'I don't know.

Frankly, I've wondered that myself'; and 'Will you marry me?' , to which it may respond with 'My does not cover marriage. My apologies.' Initially limited to female voices, Apple announced in June 2013 that Siri would feature a gender option, adding a male voice counterpart. In September 2014, Apple added the ability for users to speak 'Hey Siri' to enable the assistant without the requirement of physically handling the device.

In September 2015, the 'Hey Siri' feature was updated to include individualized voice recognition, a presumed effort to prevent non-owner activation. With the announcement of in June 2016, Apple opened up limited third-party developer access to Siri through a dedicated (API). The API restricts usage of Siri to engaging with third-party messaging apps, payment apps, ride-sharing apps, and Internet calling apps. In, Siri is able to handle follow-up questions, supports language translation, and opens up to more third-party actions, including task management. Additionally, users are able to type to Siri, and a new, privacy-minded 'on-device learning' technique improves Siri's suggestions by privately analyzing personal usage of different iOS applications.

Reception Siri received mixed reviews during its beta release as an integrated part of iPhone 4S in October 2011. MG Siegler of wrote that Siri was 'great,' praising the potential for Siri after losing the beta tag: 'The amount of times Siri hasn't been able to understand and execute my request is astonishingly low.Just imagine what will happen when Apple partners with other services to expand Siri further. And imagine when they have an API that any developer can use. This really could alter the mobile landscape.' Writing for, also praised Siri's and ability to understand context: 'Siri thinks for a few seconds, displays a beautifully formatted response and speaks in a calm female voice.It's mind-blowing how inexact your utterances can be. Siri understands everything from, 'What’s the weather going to be like in Tucson this weekend?'

To 'Will I need an umbrella tonight?' .Once, I tried saying, 'Make an appointment with Patrick for Thursday at 3.'

Siri responded, 'Note that you already have an all-day appointment about 'Boston Trip' for this Thursday. Shall I schedule this anyway?' Jacqui Cheng of wrote that Apple's claims of what Siri could do were bold, and the early demos 'even bolder': 'Though Siri shows real potential, these kinds of high expectations are bound to be disappointed.Apple makes clear that the product is still in beta—an appropriate label, in our opinion.' While praising its ability to 'decipher our casual language' and deliver 'very specific and accurate result,' sometimes even providing additional information, Cheng noted and criticized its restrictions, particularly when the language moved away from 'stiffer commands' into more human interactions. One example included the phrase 'Send a text to Jason, Clint, Sam, and Lee saying we're having dinner at Silver Cloud,' which Siri interpreted as sending a message to Jason only, containing the text 'Clint Sam and Lee saying we're having dinner at Silver Cloud.' She also noted a lack of proper editability, as saying 'Edit message to say: We're at Silver Cloud and you should come find us,' generated 'Clint Sam and Lee saying we're having dinner at Silver Cloud to say we're at Silver Cloud and you should come find us.'

's executive chairman and former chief, conceded that Siri could pose a competitive threat to the company's core search business. Siri was criticized by, including the (ACLU) and, after users found that Siri could not provide information about the location of birth control or abortion providers nearby, sometimes directing users to pro-life instead. Natalie Kerris, a spokeswoman for Apple, told The New York Times: 'Our customers want to use Siri to find out all types of information, and while it can find a lot, it doesn't always find what you want.These are not intentional omissions meant to offend anyone. It simply means that as we bring Siri from beta to a final product, we find places where we can do better, and we will in the coming weeks.' In January 2016, reported that, in then-recent months, Siri had begun to confuse the word 'abortion' with ', citing 'health experts' who stated that the situation had 'gotten worse.'

However, at the time of Fast Company 's report, the situation had changed slightly, with Siri offering 'a more comprehensive list of facilities', although 'Adoption clinics continue to pop up, but near the bottom of the list.' Siri has also not been well received by some English speakers with distinctive accents, including and Americans from or the. In March 2012, Frank M. Fazio filed a class action lawsuit against Apple on behalf of the people who bought iPhone 4S and felt misled about the capabilities of Siri, alleging its failing to function as depicted in Apple's Siri commercials. Fazio filed the lawsuit in California and claimed that the iPhone 4S was merely a 'more expensive iPhone 4' if Siri fails to function as advertised. On July 22, 2013, U.S.

District Judge Claudia Wilken in San Francisco dismissed the suit but said the plaintiffs could amend at a later time. The reason given for dismissal was that plaintiffs did not sufficiently document enough misrepresentations by Apple for the trial to proceed.

Perceived lack of innovation In June 2016, 's Sean O'Kane wrote about the then-upcoming major iOS 10 updates, with a headline stating 'Siri's big upgrades won't matter if it can't understand its users': 'What Apple didn’t talk about was solving Siri’s biggest, most basic flaws: it's still not very good at voice recognition, and when it gets it right, the results are often clunky. And these problems look even worse when you consider that Apple now has full-fledged competitors in this space: 's, 's, and Google's.' Also writing for The Verge, had previously questioned Apple's efforts in cloud-based services, writing: '. perhaps the biggest disappointment among Apple's cloud-based services is the one it needs most today, right now: Siri. Before Apple bought it, Siri was on the road to being a robust digital assistant that could do many things, and integrate with many services — even though it was being built by a startup with limited funds and people. After Apple bought Siri, the giant company seemed to treat it as a backwater, restricting it to doing only a few, slowly increasing number of tasks, like telling you the weather, sports scores, movie and restaurant listings, and controlling the device's functions. Its unhappy founders have left Apple to build a new AI service called.

And, on too many occasions, Siri either gets things wrong, doesn't know the answer, or can't verbalize it. Instead, it shows you a web search result, even when you're not in a position to read it.'

In October 2016, reported that Apple had plans to unify the teams behind its various cloud-based services, including a single campus and reorganized cloud computing resources aimed at improving the processing of Siri's queries, although another report from The Verge, in June 2017, once again called Siri's voice recognition 'bad.' In June 2017, published an extensive report on the lack of innovation with Siri following competitors' advancement in the field of voice assistants. Noting that Apple workers' anxiety levels 'went up a notch' on the announcement of Amazon's Alexa, the Journal wrote: 'Today, Apple is playing catch-up in a product category it invented, increasing worries about whether the technology giant has lost some of its innovation edge.'

The report cites the primary causes as being Apple's prioritization of user privacy, including randomly-tagged six-month Siri searches, whereas Google and Amazon keep data until actively discarded by the user, and executive power struggles with some employees leaving. Apple declined to comment on the report, while said: 'Apple often uses generic data rather than user data to train its systems and has the ability to improve Siri's performance for individual users with information kept on their iPhones.' Swearing The iOS version of Siri ships with a vulgar content filter; however, it is disabled by default and must be enabled by the user manually. Therefore, if Siri can be triggered into cursing, broadcasting discriminatory content, and so on, the actions will most likely be carried out.

Over its history, multiple methods and techniques have been used to trigger Siri into swearing. The language-filter is not perfect and can still be bypassed. Reported by in 2018, a new glitch could be exploited by a user requesting the definition of 'mother' be read out loud. Siri would issue a response and ask the user if they would like to hear the next definition; when the user replies with 'yes,' Siri would mention 'mother' as being short for 'motherfucker.' This resulted in multiple videos featuring the responses and/or how to trigger them.

Apple fixed the issue silently, although it is unconfirmed if the videos specifically brought it to their attention. The content is picked up from third-party sources such as the and not a supplied message from the corporation. It is unknown whether this glitch was exploited with the vulgar content filter enabled. See also. ^ Mickle, Tripp (June 7, 2017). Retrieved 2017-06-10.

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Retrieved 2018-05-05. Further reading. For a detailed article on the history of the organizations and technologies preceding the development of Siri, and their influence upon that application, see Bianca Bosker, 2013, ', in The Huffington Post (online), January 22, 2013 (updated January 24, 2013), accessed November 2, 2014. External links.

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